Ailao Mountain, a stunning mountain range that stretches over 500 kilometers, is more than just a single peak – it’s a diverse region full of lush forests, picturesque landscapes, and rich cultural heritage. Located in Yunnan Province, this area is home to a variety of wildlife, such as the black gibbons, black leaf monkeys, and green peacocks. The Ailao Mountain region offers a range of activities and attractions, from hiking through misty forests to visiting historical landmarks. In this guide, we’ll take you through the top things to do in Ailao Mountain, highlighting both natural and cultural experiences that should not be missed.
1. Jinshan Primitive Forest (金山原始森林)
- Admission: 10 RMB
- Trail Length: 1.7 kilometers
- Estimated Time: 1 hour
The Jinshan Primitive Forest (金山原始森林) is a magical and misty forest that feels like something straight out of a fairy tale. The entire area is covered in lush moss, and the towering ancient trees create an enchanting atmosphere. The forest is often shrouded in fog, but on clear days, sunlight pierces through the canopy, creating beautiful beams of light known as the Tyndall effect. The central Lanyuntai Viewing Platform (揽云台) offers a great spot for taking in the surroundings.
2. Tea-Horse Road (茶马古道)
- Admission: 10 RMB
- Trail Length: 2 kilometers
- Estimated Time: 1-2 hours
The Tea-Horse Road (茶马古道) is a historical route that was once used for trade between Yunnan and Tibet. Today, it offers a scenic 2-kilometer loop surrounded by forests and streams. Along the way, you can visit the remnants of ancient trading posts and experience the culture of the horse caravan era. The route is ideal for history buffs and nature lovers alike.
3. Shimen Gorge (石门峡)
- Admission: 20 RMB
- Trail Length: 2.6 kilometers (one-way)
Shimen Gorge (石门峡) is a beautiful, rugged gorge with waterfalls and fast-flowing streams. The hike is quite adventurous, with the first half of the route featuring thrilling, narrow paths and multiple waterfalls. The second half is more relaxing, taking you deep into a lush forest. At the end of the trail, you’ll find a man-made dam waterfall. Note that the scenic shuttle bus service has been discontinued, so you’ll need to return the same way you came. If you’re short on energy, it’s recommended to turn back after exploring the first half.
4. Sunrise Viewing Platform (日出观景平台)
- Admission: Free
The Sunrise Viewing Platform is one of the best spots in the Ailao Mountain area to witness the breathtaking sunrise and sea of clouds. This area is also the hub for local accommodations, and the nearby Swallow Cliff Viewing Platform (燕子崖观景台) provides a fantastic vantage point for both the sunrise and the distant Swallow Cliff Waterfall (燕子崖大瀑布). The area is particularly magical during the early morning hours when the mist clears to reveal stunning landscapes.
5. Longxi Clan Manor (陇西世族庄园)
- Admission: 20 RMB
For those interested in history and architecture, a visit to the Longxi Clan Manor (陇西世族庄园) is a must. This well-preserved ancestral estate, built during the Republic of China era, is a designated national heritage site. The manor provides a fascinating glimpse into the region’s history and architecture, with intricate wooden carvings and a traditional layout.
6. Nan’en Waterfall (南恩瀑布)
- Admission: Free
The Nan’en Waterfall (南恩瀑布) is an awe-inspiring sight, especially during the rainy season when the water cascades with tremendous force. The waterfall, located right by the national highway, drops nearly 100 meters. On a clear day, standing on the roadside, you can marvel at the waterfall on one side while looking out over Gasa Town (嘎洒镇) on the other. The view of the waterfall flowing into the valley below is especially breathtaking during the wet season.
7. Gasa Town (嘎洒镇)
Gasa Town (嘎洒镇) is quite different from the quiet, serene atmosphere of the mountain. Situated in a river valley, it boasts a mild and pleasant climate. Known as the hometown of the Hua Yao Dai (花腰傣) ethnic group and the Chu oranges (褚橙), Gasa is a key trading hub in the region. The town’s vibrant culture and history make it a worthwhile visit, with plenty of opportunities to explore local markets and try regional products.
8. Local Cuisine
The cuisine in Ailao Mountain (哀牢山) is heavily influenced by the region’s ethnic diversity. Traditional dishes often feature ingredients that are sourced from the surrounding forests and mountains. Notable dishes to try include black mountain goat hotpot (黑山羊火锅), beef soup hotpot (牛汤锅), and Yao Nan ham (耀南火腿). You can also sample local specialties like rice wrapped in leaves (秧萝饭), eel (鳝鱼), and a variety of wild vegetables such as sweet beets (甜菜), goat milk vegetables (羊奶菜), 刺五加, and fiddlehead ferns (蕨菜). During the summer months (June to September), the region is known for its wild mushrooms, which are a seasonal delicacy.